Coragem, ansiedade e medo no esporte em relação ao sucesso na aprendizagem do esqui alpino

Vjekoslav Cigrovski; Ivan Radman; Erkut Konter; Mateja Očić; Lana Ružić

Autores

Vjekoslav Cigrovski Faculty of Kinesiology Horvacanski zavoj, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Ivan Radman Faculty of Kinesiology Horvacanski zavoj, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Erkut Konter Sport Science and Technology High School, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
Mateja Očić Faculty of Kinesiology Horvacanski zavoj, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Lana Ružić Faculty of Kinesiology Horvacanski zavoj, University of Zagreb, Croatia

Resumo

As características psicológicas dos indivíduos podem influenciar não apenas o sucesso no esporte, mas também a capacidade de aprender novas habilidades motoras. Investigamos se a coragem esportiva, a ansiedade e o medo diferem entre esquiadores novatos e iniciantes experientes no esqui alpino e como esses fatores afetam o aprendizado do esqui. (2) Um total de 337 alunos (249 novatos no esqui e 88 iniciantes) participaram de uma pesquisa composta por um questionário de quatro partes e um programa estruturado de esqui. (3) Resultados: Para os novatos, menor medo (r = −0,30, p < 0,01) e maior autoeficácia (r = 0,28, p < 0,05) e domínio (r = 0,20, p < 0,01) foram associados a um melhor desempenho; a redução do medo e o aumento da autoeficácia e da preocupação melhoraram o desempenho. Os esquiadores experientes apresentaram melhor determinação, domínio e autoeficácia (todos com p < 0,05). Em casos de menor pontuação em preocupação (r = −0,28, p < 0,01) e maior em autoeficácia (r = 0,22, p < 0,05), o desempenho foi melhor. Os homens obtiveram pontuações mais altas na escala de coragem esportiva-31 (todos os p < 0,05). Em particular, a autoeficácia foi associada a um melhor desempenho (r = 0,39, p < 0,01), e maior medo a um pior desempenho (r = −0,33, p < 0,01). Além disso, a autoeficácia foi um preditor de sucesso no esqui (p < 0,001). Por outro lado, as mulheres, assim como os novatos no esqui, obtiveram pontuações mais altas em medo (p < 0,001). Nas mulheres, a determinação, o domínio e a autoeficácia apresentaram correlação positiva com o esqui (r = 0,21, p < 0,05; r = 0,28, p < 0,01; e r = 0,33, p < 0,01, respectivamente), enquanto a associação entre o medo e o esqui (r = −0,46, p < 0,01) foi negativa, e o medo (p < 0,001) apresentou relação inversa com o sucesso.

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Artigo adaptado e traduzido para o português pelos editores de OLYMPIKA MAGAZINE para republicação, conforme normas de submissão do periódico. Versão original em: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/6/3/96.

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