Identificando as oportunidades de chute no futebol

Ilias Loutfi; Luis Ignacio Gómez-Jordana; Angel Ric; João Milho

Autores

Ilias Loutfi CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
Luis Ignacio Gómez-Jordana CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
Angel Ric Complex Systems in Sport Research Group, Institut Nacional d’Educacio Fisica de Catalunya (INEFC), University of Lleida Spain
João Milho CIMOSM, ISEL, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal

Palavras-chave:

Câmeras De Vídeo De Alta Tecnologia Para Futebol, Futebol, Mapas De Calor, Tempo E Espaço, Coposicionamento, Padrões De Ataque

Resumo

O objetivo do presente estudo foi criar um modelo bidimensional que ilustrasse um cenário de oportunidades de chute a gol durante uma partida competitiva de futebol. Para tanto, analisamos subfases de ataque exemplares de cada equipe quando a bola estava nos últimos 30 m do campo. Os dados posicionais do jogador (coordenadas x e y) e da bola foram capturados a 25 fps e processados para criar mapas de calor que ilustravam as oportunidades de chute disponíveis no primeiro e no segundo tempo em diferentes áreas do campo. Além disso, foi estimado o tempo em que as oportunidades de chute estavam disponíveis. Os resultados mostram que na partida observada, a maioria das oportunidades de chute durou entre 1 e 2 s, com apenas algumas oportunidades durando mais de 2 s. As oportunidades de chute não apresentaram distribuição homogênea no campo. Os mapas de calor obtidos fornecem informações valiosas e específicas sobre as oportunidades de finalização de cada equipe, permitindo a identificação das áreas mais vulneráveis. Além disso, a quantidade, a duração e a localização das oportunidades de chute mostraram diferenças significativas entre as equipes. Este modelo personalizável é sensível às características das oportunidades de chute e pode ser usado em análise de vídeo em tempo real para análise de desempenho individual e coletivo.

ARK
— Identificador persistente da Edição 2023 OLYMPIKA MAGAZINE - VOLUME 1 ONLINE - Nº. 001: ark:/40019/oly.v1i1
— Identificador persistente deste artigo: ark:/40019/oly.v1i1.2.g4

Referências

(1) Gómez-Jordana LI, Amaro e Silva R, Milho J, Ric A, Passos P. Illustrating changes in landscapes of passing opportunities along a set of competitive football matches. Scientific Reports. 2021 May 7;11(1).

(2) Passos P, Amaro E Silva R, Gomez-Jordana L, Davids K. Developing a two-dimensional landscape model of opportunities for penetrative passing in association football – Stage I. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2020 Jul 10;38(21):2407–14.

(3) Rietveld E, Kiverstein J. A Rich Landscape of Affordances. Ecological Psychology. 2014 Oct 2;26(4):325–52.

(4) Fajen BR, Riley MA, Turvey MT. Information, affordances, and the control of action in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 2009 Jan 1;40(1):79–107.

(5) Gibson JJ. Ecological Approach To Visual Perception. Houghton; 1979.

(6) Pick HL, Den V, Knill DC, Learning I. Cognition : conceptual and methodological issues. Washington, Dc: American Psychological Association; 1992.

(7) Duch J, Waitzman JS, Amaral LAN. Quantifying the Performance of Individual Players in a Team Activity. Scalas E, editor. PLoS ONE. 2010 Jun 16;5(6):e10937.

(8) Santos R, Passos P. A Multi-Level Interdependent Hierarchy of Interpersonal Synergies in Team Sports: Theoretical Considerations. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021 Dec 3;12.

(9) Balagué N, Pol R, Torrents C, Ric A, Hristovski R. On the Relatedness and Nestedness of Constraints. Sports Medicine - Open [Internet]. 2019 Feb 11;5(6). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6370894/

(10) Araújo D, Passos P, Esteves P, Duarte R, Lopes J, Hristovski R, et al. The micro-macro link in understanding sport tactical behaviours: Integrating information and action at different levels of system analysis in sport. Benguigui N, editor. Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité. 2015;(89):53–63.

(11) Kauffman SA, Fe S. The Origins of Order. Oxford University Press, USA; 1993.

(12) Marsh KL, Richardson MJ, Schmidt RC. Social Connection Through Joint Action and Interpersonal Coordination. Topics in Cognitive Science. 2009 Apr;1(2):320–39.

(13) Headrick J, Davids K, Renshaw I, Araújo D, Passos P, Fernandes O. Proximity-to-goal as a constraint on patterns of behaviour in attacker–defender dyads in team games. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2012 Feb;30(3):247–53.

(14) Laakso T, Travassos B, Liukkonen J, Davids K. Field location and player roles as constraints on emergent 1-vs-1 interpersonal patterns of play in football. Human Movement Science. 2017 Aug;54:347–53.

(15) Orth D, Davids K, Araújo D, Renshaw I, Passos P. Effects of a defender on run-up velocity and ball speed when crossing a football. European Journal of Sport Science. 2012 Jul 6;14(sup1):S316–23.

(16) Passos P, Cordovil R, Fernandes O, Barreiros J. Perceiving affordances in rugby union. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2012 Jul;30(11):1175–82.

(17) Button C. Dynamics of skill acquisition. Champaign, Il: Human Kinetics, Inc; 2020.

(18) Davids, K.; Araújo, D.; Hristovski, R.; Passos, P.; Chow, J.Y. Ecological Dynamics and Motor Learning Design in Sport. In Skill Acquisition in Sport: Research, Theory & Practice; Williams, A.M., Hodges, N., Eds.; Routledge: London, UK, 2012; pp. 112–130.

(19) Link D, Lang S, Seidenschwarz P. Real Time Quantification of Dangerousity in Football Using Spatiotemporal Tracking Data. Amaral LAN, editor. PLOS ONE. 2016 Dec 30;11(12):e0168768.

(20) Anzer G, Bauer P. A Goal Scoring Probability Model for Shots Based on Synchronized Positional and Event Data in Football (Soccer). Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. 2021 Mar 29;3.

(21) Nunome H, Lake M, Georgakis A, Stergioulas LK. Impact phase kinematics of instep kicking in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2006 Jan;24(1):11–22.

(22) Grehaigne JF, Bouthier D, David B. Dynamic-system analysis of opponent relationships in collective actions in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1997 Jan;15(2):137–49.

(23) Yiannakos A, Armatas V. Evaluation of the goal scoring patterns in European Championship in Portugal 2004. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2006 Jun;6(1):178–88.

(24) Pollard, R.; Ensum, J.; Taylor, S. Estimating the probability of a shot resulting in a goal: The effects of distance, angle and space. Int. J. Soccer Sci. 2004, 2, 50–55.

(25) Wright C, Atkins S, Polman R, Jones B, Lee Sargeson. Factors Associated with Goals and Goal Scoring Opportunities in Professional Soccer. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2011 Dec;11(3):438–49.

(26) Rathke A. An examination of expected goals and shot efficiency in soccer. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 2017;12(Proc2).

(27) Schulze E, Mendes B, Maurício N, Furtado B, Cesário N, Carriço S, et al. Effects of positional variables on shooting outcome in elite football. Science and Medicine in Football. 2017 Oct 4;2(2):93–100.

(28) Gonzalez-Rodenas J, Mitrotasios M, Aranda R, Armatas V. Combined effects of tactical, technical and contextual factors on shooting effectiveness in European professional soccer. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2020 Mar 3;20(2):280–93.

(29) Krzysztof M. Szymanski D. Chmura J. Analysis of goalkeeper performance in the English Premier League. J. Hum. Kinet. 2014; 41: 191–200.